.NET Core 5: What You Need to Know
Introduction
If you are a developer who works with .NET, you might have heard about the latest release of .NET Core, which is .NET Core 5. This version is a major milestone in the evolution of the .NET platform, as it brings many new features and improvements that make it easier, faster, and more enjoyable to build and run .NET applications.
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In this article, we will give you an overview of what .NET Core 5 is, why you should use it, how to download and install it, and what are some of the key features and benefits that it offers. We will also compare it with the previous versions of .NET, such as .NET Framework and .NET Standard, and show you how to migrate your existing projects to .NET Core 5.
What is .NET Core 5?
.NET Core 5 is the next major release of .NET Core, which is a free, open-source, cross-platform, and modern implementation of the .NET platform. It follows the previous version, which was .NET Core 3.1, released in December 2019.
The name of this version is different from the previous ones, as it drops the word "Core" from the name and uses only ".NET". This is because this version aims to unify the .NET platform and make it the main implementation of .NET going forward. It supports more types of applications and more platforms than .NET Core or .NET Framework.
. NET Core 5 was released in November 2020, along with other related products, such as ASP.NET Core 5.0, Entity Framework Core 5.0, C# 9.0, F# 5.0, and Visual Studio 2019 (v16.9). It is a current release, which means that it will be supported for at least three years after its initial release.
Why use .NET Core 5?
There are many reasons why you should use .NET Core 5 for your development projects. Here are some of the main ones:
It is cross-platform: You can build and run your applications on Windows, Linux, macOS, and other platforms that support .NET. You can also use different tools and editors, such as Visual Studio, Visual Studio Code, or any other code editor that supports .NET.
It is unified: You can use one platform for all types of applications, such as web apps, desktop apps, mobile apps, cloud services, games, IoT devices, machine learning models, and more. You can also share code and libraries across different projects and platforms.
It is improved: You can benefit from the latest features and enhancements that improve the performance, productivity, security, reliability, and quality of your applications. You can also use the latest versions of C# and F#, which introduce new syntax and capabilities that make your code more expressive and concise.
It is compatible: You can still use your existing skills and knowledge of .NET Framework or .NET Standard, as well as many of the existing libraries and packages that work with them. You can also migrate your existing projects to .NET Core 5 with minimal changes.
How to download and install .NET Core 5?
To download and install .NET Core 5 on your machine, you need to follow these steps:
Go to the official .NET website and choose the download option that suits your needs. You can download the .NET SDK, which includes everything you need to develop and run .NET applications, or the .NET Runtime, which includes only the components you need to run .NET applications. You can also download specific versions of .NET for different platforms and architectures.
Run the installer or extract the files from the downloaded package. Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the installation process. You may need to restart your machine or your code editor to apply the changes.
Verify that .NET Core 5 is installed correctly by opening a command prompt or a terminal and typing dotnet --version. You should see the version number of .NET Core 5, which is 5.0.0 or higher.
Features and benefits of .NET Core 5
.NET Core 5 comes with many features and benefits that make it a powerful and versatile platform for developing and running .NET applications. Here are some of the most important ones:
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Cross-platform support
One of the main advantages of .NET Core 5 is that it supports multiple platforms and architectures, such as Windows, Linux, macOS, ARM, x86, x64, and more. This means that you can build and run your applications on any device or environment that supports .NET, without having to worry about compatibility issues or platform-specific dependencies.
This also means that you can use different tools and editors to work with .NET Core 5, such as Visual Studio, Visual Studio Code, or any other code editor that supports .NET. You can also use various command-line tools and utilities, such as dotnet CLI, PowerShell, Bash, Git, and more.
Unified platform for all types of applications
Another major benefit of .NET Core 5 is that it unifies the .NET platform and makes it a single framework for all types of applications. Whether you want to build web apps, desktop apps, mobile apps, cloud services, games, IoT devices, machine learning models, or anything else, you can use .NET Core 5 as your base platform and leverage its features and libraries.
This also means that you can share code and libraries across different projects and platforms, as well as use common patterns and practices for developing and deploying your applications. For example, you can use ASP.NET Core for building web apps and APIs, Blazor for building web UIs with C#, Xamarin for building mobile apps with C#, ML.NET for building machine learning models with C#, and more.
Improved performance and productivity
.NET Core 5 also brings many improvements in terms of performance and productivity, which make your applications faster, more efficient, and more reliable. Some of these improvements are:
Better memory management and garbage collection: .NET Core 5 uses less memory and allocates less objects on the heap, which reduces the frequency and duration of garbage collection pauses. It also introduces a new feature called Pinned Object Heap (POH), which allows you to allocate objects that are not moved by the garbage collector.
Faster startup time and throughput: .NET Core 5 reduces the startup time of your applications by using a feature called ReadyToRun (R2R), which precompiles your assemblies into native code at build time. It also improves the throughput of your applications by using a feature called Tiered Compilation (TC), which optimizes your code at runtime based on its usage patterns.
Enhanced debugging and diagnostics: .NET Core 5 provides better tools and APIs for debugging and diagnosing your applications, such as Visual Studio Debugger, dotnet-dump, dotnet-trace, dotnet-counters, dotnet-monitor, EventPipe, EventSource, etc. These tools allow you to capture and analyze various types of data from your applications, such as memory dumps, CPU traces, performance counters, logs, metrics, etc.
C# 9 and F# 5 support
.NET Core 5 also supports the latest versions of C# and F#, which are C# 9.0 and F# 5.0 respectively. These versions introduce new syntax and capabilities that make your code more expressive and concise. Some of these features are:
Records: A new type of class that provides value semantics and immutability for your data models. Records allow you to define properties and methods for your data types in a compact way, as well as use features like deconstruction, pattern matching, equality comparison, etc.
Init-only properties: A new way of declaring properties that can only be set during object initialization. Init-only properties allow you to create immutable objects that can be initialized with object initializers, as well as use features like object initializers, with-expressions, etc.
Top-level statements: A new way of writing C# programs that does not require a namespace or a class declaration. Top-level statements allow you to write simple and concise programs that can be executed directly from the command line or a code editor.
Pattern matching enhancements: A set of new features that improve the pattern matching capabilities of C#. Pattern matching enhancements allow you to use patterns like relational patterns, logical patterns, type patterns, etc., as well as use features like switch expressions, property patterns, etc.
Native interop improvements: A set of new features that improve the interoperability between C# and native code. Native interop improvements allow you to use features like function pointers, native-sized integers, module initializers, etc.
Source generators: A new feature that allows you to generate source code at compile time based on your program logic. Source generators allow you to create code that is fast, reliable, and maintainable, as well as use features like partial methods, attribute syntax, etc.
Other features: C# 9.0 also introduces other features such as target-typed new expressions, target-typed conditional expressions, covariant return types, static anonymous functions, lambda discard parameters, attributes on local functions, etc.
F# 5.0 also introduces new features such as string interpolation, nameof expressions, open type declarations, enhanced slicing syntax, task-based asynchronous programming, etc.
System.Text.Json enhancements
.NET Core 5 also enhances the System.Text.Json namespace, which provides high-performance APIs for working with JSON data. Some of these enhancements are:
Support for immutable types and records: System.Text.Json can now serialize and deserialize immutable types and records, which are new features of C# 9.0. It can also handle init-only properties and with-expressions.
Support for custom converters: System.Text.Json allows you to create and use custom converters for types that are not supported by the built-in converters. You can also register and configure custom converters globally or locally.
Support for reference handling: System.Text.Json allows you to handle circular references and preserve object references when serializing and deserializing JSON data. You can also configure the reference handling behavior globally or locally.
Support for JsonDocument and JsonElement: System.Text.Json allows you to work with JSON data in a DOM-like fashion using the JsonDocument and JsonElement types. You can also create JsonDocument instances from streams or memory segments.
Support for JsonNode and JsonValue: System.Text.Json allows you to work with JSON data in a dynamic fashion using the JsonNode and JsonValue types. You can also create JsonNode instances from strings or objects.
Comparison with .NET Framework and .NET Standard
.NET Core 5 is not the only version of .NET that exists. There are also other versions, such as .NET Framework and .NET Standard, which have different purposes and characteristics. Here is a brief comparison between them:
What is the difference between .NET Core 5 and .NET Framework?
.NET Framework is the original implementation of the .NET platform, which was first released in 2002. It is a Windows-only framework that supports various types of applications, such as web apps, desktop apps, services, etc. It has a large set of libraries and APIs that cover many areas of functionality.
.NET Core 5 is the latest implementation of the .NET platform, which was first released in 2016. It is a cross-platform framework that supports more types of applications and platforms than .NET Framework. It has a smaller set of libraries and APIs that focus on core functionality.
The main differences between .NET Core 5 and .NET Framework are:
.NET Core 5 is cross-platform, while .NET Framework is Windows-only.
.NET Core 5 is modular and lightweight, while .NET Framework is monolithic and heavy.
.NET Core 5 is faster and more efficient, while .NET Framework is slower and less efficient.
.NET Core 5 is open-source and community-driven, while .NET Framework is closed-source and Microsoft-driven.
.NET Core 5 is current and evolving, while .NET Framework is legacy and stable.
What is the difference between .NET Core 5 and .NET Standard?
.NET Standard is not an implementation of the .NET platform, but a specification of it. It defines a set of APIs that any implementation of .NET must support. It is a way of ensuring compatibility and interoperability between different implementations of .NET, such as .NET Core, .NET Framework, Xamarin, Mono, etc. It is a versioned and incremental specification that covers different versions of .NET.
.NET Core 5 is an implementation of the .NET platform, which follows the .NET Standard specification. It supports the latest version of .NET Standard, which is .NET Standard 2.1, as well as the previous versions. It also provides additional APIs that are not part of .NET Standard, but are specific to .NET Core.
The main differences between .NET Core 5 and .NET Standard are:
.NET Core 5 is an implementation, while .NET Standard is a specification.
.NET Core 5 supports .NET Standard, while .NET Standard defines .NET Core.
.NET Core 5 provides more APIs than .NET Standard, while .NET Standard provides fewer APIs than .NET Core.
.NET Core 5 is platform-specific, while .NET Standard is platform-agnostic.
.NET Core 5 is updated frequently, while .NET Standard is updated occasionally.
How to migrate from .NET Framework or .NET Standard to .NET Core 5?
If you have existing projects that use .NET Framework or .NET Standard, you may want to migrate them to .NET Core 5 to take advantage of its features and benefits. The migration process may vary depending on the type and complexity of your projects, but here are some general steps that you can follow:
Analyze your projects and identify the dependencies and compatibility issues that may affect the migration. You can use tools such as Portability Analyzer and API Analyzer to help you with this step.
Choose the migration strategy that suits your needs. You can either migrate your projects directly to .NET Core 5, or migrate them incrementally using multi-targeting or side-by-side deployment.
Update your projects and code to use the latest versions of the libraries and packages that support .NET Core 5. You can use tools such as NuGet Package Manager and dotnet CLI to help you with this step.
Test your projects and code to ensure that they work as expected on .NET Core 5. You can use tools such as Visual Studio Test Explorer and dotnet test to help you with this step.
Deploy your projects and code to the target platforms and environments that support .NET Core 5. You can use tools such as Visual Studio Publish Wizard and dotnet publish to help you with this step.
Conclusion
In this article, we have given you an overview of what .NET Core 5 is, why you should use it, how to download and install it, and what are some of the key features and benefits that it offers. We have also compared it with the previous versions of .NET, such as .NET Framework and .NET Standard, and shown you how to migrate your existing projects to .NET Core 5.
We hope that this article has helped you understand the value and potential of .NET Core 5, and that you are ready to start using it for your development projects. If you have any questions or feedback, please feel free to leave a comment below.
FAQs
What is the difference between .NET Core 5 and ASP.NET Core 5?
. NET Core 5 is a framework for developing and running various types of applications using C#, F#, or VB.NET. ASP.NET Core 5 is a framework for developing and running web applications using C# or F#. ASP.NET Core 5 is built on top of . NET Core 5, and uses its features and libraries.
Is . NET Core 5 backward compatible with previous versions of . NET?
. NET Core 5 is backward compatible with previous versions of . NET in terms of source code compatibility. This means that you can use most of the code and libraries that work with previous versions of . NET in your . NET Core 5 projects. However, it is not backward compatible in terms of binary compatibility. This means that you cannot run assemblies or executables that were compiled with previous versions of . NET on . NET Core 5 without recompiling them.
Is . NET Core 5 the same as . NET 5?
. NET Core 5 is the official name of the framework, while .NET 5 is the short name or the marketing name of the framework. They are the same thing, and you can use them interchangeably.
How can I learn more about .NET Core 5?
If you want to learn more about .NET Core 5, you can visit the official .NET website, which provides various resources and documentation for .NET developers. You can also check out the official .NET blog, which posts regular updates and announcements about .NET. You can also follow the official .NET Twitter account, which shares news and tips about .NET. You can also join the official .NET community, which offers forums, events, podcasts, videos, and more for .NET enthusiasts.
Where can I get help or support for .NET Core 5?
If you need help or support for .NET Core 5, you can use the following channels:
Stack Overflow: You can ask and answer questions about .NET Core 5 on Stack Overflow, which is a popular online platform for developers. You can also search for existing questions and answers that may solve your problem.
Github: You can report issues or request features for .NET Core 5 on Github, which is a online platform for hosting and managing code repositories. You can also browse the source code and contribute to the development of .NET Core 5.
Microsoft Support: You can contact Microsoft Support for technical assistance or guidance for .NET Core 5. You can also access various support options and resources, such as documentation, tutorials, samples, etc.
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